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Abstract
Producing enough food for himself, for his family, for the society, for the nation and for the whole of the world has been a prime concern of the humanity ever since the evolution of the socio-economic system. Right from the primitive age up to the modern system of farming human kind has tried various methods of food production- search and discovery of new varieties of plants which are safe and nutritious for consumption.Many species that contribute to vital ecosystem services, including pollinators, like natural enemies of pests, soil organisms and wild food species are destruction and degradation of habitats, overexploitation, pollution and other threats.Agricultural biodiversity will also be absolutely essential to cope with the predicted impacts of climate change, not simply as a source of traits but as the underpinnings of more resilient farm ecosystems. Many of the benefits of agricultural biodiversity are manifested at different ecological and human scales, and cut across political divisions, requiring a cross-sectoral approach to reassess the role of agricultural biodiversity in sustainable and secure food productionEnabling frameworks for the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity for food and agriculture remain insufficient. Research on food and agricultural systems needs to become multidisciplinary, participatory and focused on interactions between different components of biodiversity for food and agriculture. Improving the management of biodiversity for food and agriculture to enhancing its contributions to ecosystem services call for better multi-stakeholder, cross - sector and international cooperation.